Table II: Overview of the European situation

Country Transmission prosecuted? Yes, No or Possibly (P) Number or people prosecuted   to date No of  people convicted to date Year of  1st attempted prosecution HIV Specific  legislation (S) or non-specific law (NS) Year when legislation enacted Prosecutions in last year Convictions in last year Maximum sentence applicable in years No. of men convicted No. of women convicted Conviction from homosexual transmission Conviction from heterosexual transmission Exposure as well as actual transmission punishable (E)
Only actual transmission punishable (T)
Number of nationals and foreigners prosecuted for transmission of HIV
Albania No N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Andorra                              
Armenia Yes 0 0 Not yet S ua 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 E No prosecutions as yet
Austria Yes 30-40 30 approx. 1990 NS 1974 ua ua 3 25*[1] 5* 20* 10* Not clear Mostly Austrian*
Azerbaijan Yes 3-4 3-4 2001 S 1999 1 1 5 (8)[2] ua ua ua ua E ua
Belgium Yes 0 0 Not yet NS   0 0 ua 0 0 0 0 T ua
Bosnia & Her. P 0 0 Not yet NS 2003 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 T No prosecutions as yet
Bulgaria No 0 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Croatia Yes 0 0 Not yet NS   0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T No prosecutions as yet
Cyprus Yes 1 1 1997 NS 1957 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 ua Cypriot
Czech Rep. Yes 3 2 1989 NS   2 1 3 2 0 2 0 T Both Czech
Denmark Yes 12 2 1993[3] S 2001 2 1 4 2 0 0 2 E 5 Danish, 7 foreigners
Estonia Yes ua 2 2000 NS   ua ua 12 2 0     T 1 Estonian, 1 Egyptian
Finland Yes 6-12 5-10 1989 NS 1995 2 2 10 7 approx. 1 1 8 approx. T Mostly foreign
France Yes ua 2 or 4 1996 NS   1 1 Life 2 or 4 0 0 2 / 4 E ua
Georgia Yes 1 1 2004 S 2001 1 1 ua 1 0     E Georgian
Germany Yes ua 3 ko 1988 NS   - - 10 3 0 0 3 E 1 German, 2 foreigners
Greece                              
Hungary Yes 3 ko 0? - NS - 0 0 5 3 0 3 0 T All Hungarian
Iceland Yes 0 0 Not yet NS 1940 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 E No prosecutions as yet
Ireland Yes 0 0 Not yet NS 1997 0 0 Life 0 0 0 0 T No prosecutions as yet
Italy Yes ua 3 ko 1999 NS   1 1 ua     0 3 ua  
Latvia Yes ua 0 2003 S 1998 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 T Latvian
Liechtenstein Yes 0 0 Not yet NS   0 0 3 0 0 0 0 E No prosecutions as yet
Lithuania Yes 0 0 Not yet NS 1994 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 T No prosecutions as yet
Luxembourg No N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Malta Yes 0 0 Not yet S 2002 0 0 9 / Life [4] 0 0 0 0 T No prosecutions as yet
Moldova Yes 0 0 0 S 1993 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 E No prosecutions as yet
Netherlands Yes ua 11 1989 NS   2 2 12 11 0 5 4 E 10 Dutch, 1 Turkish
Norway Yes 5 5 1987 NS 1902 1 1   4 1 0 5 E 3 Norwegian, 2 foreigners
Poland Yes ua ua ua S 1997 ua ua 3 ua ua ua ua E ua
Portugal Yes ua 2 ko None NS 1982 ua ua 8 ua ua ua ua T ua
Romania Yes ua < 5 1994 S   ua ua 15 ua Most ua Most T ua
Russia Yes ua ua ua S 1996 ua ua 5 (8) ua ua ua ua E ua
San Marino                              
Serbia & M Yes 0 0 Not yet S   0 0 10 0 0 0 0 T No prosecutions as yet
Slovakia Yes ua 2 1999 S   1 1 8 ua ua ua ua E ua
Slovenia No N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Spain                              
Sweden Yes ua 30 1992 NS 1965 4 4 10 17 1 6 12 E Mostly African
Switzerland Yes >30 >20 1988 NS   5 approx. 4 approx. 5 Most     Most T Mostly Swiss
Y/R Macedonia No N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Turkey Yes 0 0 Not yet E   0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ua No prosecutions as yet
Ukraine Yes 4 ko ua 1990s S 1998 ua ua 10 ua ua ua ua E ua
UK Yes 4 4 2001 E 1861 3 3 Life 4 0 0 4 T 1 UK national, 3 Africans
KEY: 
N/A:   Not applicable -Used for countries which do not criminalise HIV transmission
Blank:  No information received for that country
ua:  Information unavailable or not known to the people who responded
ko:  Known of, at least to one of the people who responded to the questionnaire
approx.:  Approximately
[1] Figures according to one of the respondents – a different breakdown given by another respondent.
[2] Number in brackets represents maximum sentence for infecting more than one person.
[3] The first prosecutions were brought before the amendment of the legislation; hence date of legislation being later than date of first prosecution.
[4] Life imprisonment applies if the person infected dies.